Improvement in steam-generators



J. TURNER.

Improvement in Steam-Generators.-

NO. 130,087; Patented July 30, 1872..

772'tnessew QM w deem/WM UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES TURNER, on CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-GENERATQRS Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 130,087, dated July 30,1872; antcdated July 29, 1872.

SPEcmIcATIoN.

I, JAMES TURNER, of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following is a full description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation with the brickwork removed; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section; Fig. 3, a transverse vertical section.

In the drawing, A represents a steam-boiler, into which water is introduced in the usual manner. bis a pipe about six inches in diameter, or larger if necessary, one end of which is connected with the boiler at or near the bottom. This tube passes down under the fire-grate and boiler, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2; the other end is closed; or the pipe may be extended and connected with the other end of the boiler. d are tubes, one end of which is connected with 'b; the other enters e,

which is closed at both ends, but communi-- cates with the interior of the boiler through g. These tubes d, for a medium-sized boiler, may have a bore one inch or more in diameter. The longitudinal bars 0 of the fire-grate are hollow, one end of which opens into a transverse tube, at, which communicates with b, the other end of each tube opens into k, a continuation, l, of which enters the boiler at m. At f is an opening in 0, directly over one of the tubes d, through which the tube can be cleaned when incrusted. Such an opening is placed over each tube (1, and the openings are closed in any suitable manner. The horizontal portion of the tubes d, being below the fire, do not become very hot; the upright portion is mostly exposed to the action of the fire, being within the brick-work and in the fire-chamber or passages, and in these tubes steam will be formed very rapidly. Any suitable number of tubes at may be used. h is a valve or cock, by the use of which the flow of water through 11 can be stopped, and i is another cock, through which the sediment may be drawn from b. In cold weather, when the boiler is not in use, all the water can be drawn off through i, or, the valve It being closed, the water in b and pipes d can be drawn oft, leaving water in the boiler.

In use, steam will be first formed in the pipes d, and long before the water in the boiler becomes hot, which steam will pass into the boiler through the openings g. At the same time water will flow from the boiler through b into the pipes d. Thus a constant and rapid circulation will take place, the bottom of the boiler cannot become overheated, and steam can be very rapidly made.

The bars 0 of the fire-grate should not be straight, because provision must be made for expansion and contraction. This I accomplish by bending the tubes up at one end, and placing the transverse tube 70 above the plane of the bars.

Some similar provision should be, in all cases, made as to the tubes 01; bending the tubes, as shown, is sufficient. Any suitable number of tubes may be placed in the space behind the fire grate. The pipe I) and the bars 0 descend a little toward the front to facilitate the removal of the sediment. By closing h and opening 7} the scum can also be blown off.

By making the tube 6 in sections with the pipes d a portion of them can be taken off for repairs or stopped up when out of order without impairing the utility of the remaining sections, and by carrying the tube or pipe 1) around and below the furnace and its flues, it does not become incrusted by the action of the heat so as to impair the circulation.

The pipes 0, being located below the fuel, do not become highly heated, and by enlarging into or connecting with a single large tube or pipe where the action of the heat and flame is direct, I also avoid incrustation in the furnace arrangement to any considerable or injurious extent. The incrustation of small water-tubes is a serious drawback to their use, and by my arrangement of tubes I am able to use them a long time without cleaning, the time varying according to the'condition' of the water.

In applying this to locomotive-boilers the water-space may be used in place of a.

What I claim as new is 1. The combination, with the boiler A, of the tube b, tubes d, e, and g, substantially as 'andxfor the purposes described.

2. The combination of the tubular gratebars 0 and tube 1 It with the boiler A, substantially as specified.

JAMES TURNER. Witnesses:

CHARLES L. TUCKER, E. A. WEST. 

